Boiler water is the water used in a boiler system, which is either fed into the boiler as feed water or heated in the boiler itself to generate steam. The quality of the boiler water is crucial for the safe and efficient operation of the system, as impurities such as hardness constituents or oxygen can cause
Boiler water treatment is a key process in steam boiler technology that ensures that the water fed into the boiler is optimally treated to guarantee the efficiency and safety of the system. Without effective boiler water treatment, deposits, corrosion and operational failures can occur, which not only
Gravel filters are central components of mechanical water and wastewater treatment. They are used to remove suspended solids, particles and turbidity from water. The gravel filter works according to the principle of depth filtration: the water flows through a layered medium of gravel and quartz sand of different grain sizes. In the process, dirt particles remain in the pores of the
Coagulation is a fundamental step in water and wastewater treatment that contributes to the removal of suspended solids, colloidal particles and finely dispersed organic matter. The aim of coagulation is to aggregate the fine particles distributed in the water or wastewater into larger flocs that are easier to separate. Coagulation is
Coagulants are essential chemical compounds in water and wastewater treatment that are used for coagulation and floc formation. They neutralize the electrical charge of the fine, mostly colloidal particles in the water so that these particles can clump together and form flocs. This facilitates the separation of solids, organic impurities and
Coalescence refers to the physical process in which smaller droplets of liquid or gas bubbles flow together in a continuous phase and form larger units. This occurs when the interfaces between the droplets are destabilized by external influences such as flow, pressure or temperature. Technical background Interfacial tension and wetting behaviorThe coalescence is significantly influenced by
A coalescence separator is a key element in industrial water treatment, especially in processes involving oil-water mixtures. This technology is used to separate and remove free oil, emulsified oil and fine particles from wastewater streams in order to ensure compliance with legal limits and protect systems from damage. The
Hydrocarbons (HCs) are organic compounds consisting exclusively of carbon and hydrogen atoms. They form the basis of numerous organic substances and are widely used in the chemical industry, energy production and petrochemistry. Hydrocarbons are classified in various forms such as aliphatic (linear or branched chains) and aromatic (ring-shaped structures) compounds.
The piston diaphragm pump is a precisely operating positive displacement pump that is used in both water and wastewater treatment for dosing chemicals or pumping liquids under high pressure. It combines the function of a piston with a diaphragm to prevent contact between the pumped medium and moving parts.
A piston pump is a positive displacement pump that pumps liquids through the movement of a piston. It uses the linear movement of the piston to cyclically change the volume of a pump chamber, drawing in and expelling liquids. Piston pumps are known for their ability to generate high pressures and are used in many applications.
