Cyanide detoxification is an essential process in industrial wastewater treatment that aims to convert toxic cyanide compounds into less hazardous substances or eliminate them completely. Cyanides are used in many industries, including metalworking, electroplating, mining and the chemical industry, where they are often used for surface treatment of metals or
Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF) is a physical separation process widely used in industrial wastewater treatment to remove undissolved and dissolved substances such as fats, oils, hydrocarbons, dissolved metals and organic compounds (COD) from wastewater. The process combines chemical pre-treatment with a physical flotation technique to
A steam boiler system is an industrial system for generating steam, which is used in various processes such as energy generation, in heating systems or for direct use in industrial production processes. The steam boiler acts as a vessel in which water is vaporized by applying heat. This process requires strict control
Deammonification is an innovative biological process for removing nitrogen from wastewater, which is used particularly in industrial wastewater treatment where there are high nitrogen concentrations and a low carbon content. In contrast to conventional processes, deammonification combines two biological processes - partial nitritation and the anammox reaction - in a single step,
Denitrification is a biological process that plays an important role in industrial and municipal wastewater treatment. It refers to the conversion of nitrate (NO₃-) and nitrite (NO₂-) to gaseous nitrogen (N₂), which escapes into the atmosphere. This process is carried out by special bacteria under anoxic conditions (i.e.
Disinfection is a critical process in industrial water treatment to eliminate or control the growth of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, algae and fungi. This step is particularly important to ensure hygienic standards, ensure the safety of drinking and process water and prevent the spread of waterborne pathogens.
German hardness (°dH) is a unit of measurement commonly used in Germany to determine water hardness, which indicates the content of dissolved calcium (Ca²⁺) and magnesium ions (Mg²⁺) in water. These ions are mainly responsible for the hardness of the water and come from natural sources such as limestone (CaCO₃) and dolomite.
Direct dischargers are companies, businesses or facilities that discharge their wastewater requiring treatment directly into natural bodies of water such as rivers, lakes or coastal waters without this wastewater first passing through a municipal or industrial wastewater treatment plant. The discharge takes place under the condition that the wastewater is in such a treated state
Dispersants are chemical additives that play a central role in industrial water treatment and wastewater treatment. Their main function is to bring solid particles or deposits in the water into a stable suspension and to prevent the formation of deposits on surfaces. Especially in cooling water circuits, boiler systems and membrane systems
Dispersants are special chemicals that are used in water and wastewater treatment to improve the distribution of fine particles and sediments in a liquid and to prevent particles from clumping or flocculating. In industrial water technology and wastewater treatment, dispersants prevent the formation and deposition of
