Whey is a by-product of cheese production and other milk processing operations. Due to its high organic content, whey poses a considerable challenge for industrial wastewater treatment. It mainly contains lactose, milk proteins, lipids, salts and trace elements, which lead to a high chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD).
Motor protection is a key component in industrial water and wastewater treatment. Electric motors drive pumps, agitators, compressors and other system components. These motors are essential for the reliable operation of water treatment plants. As they often operate under demanding conditions - such as high humidity, corrosive environments or strong load fluctuations -
I&C technology (measurement and control technology) is an indispensable discipline in industrial water and wastewater technology. It includes the measurement of physical and chemical parameters, the control of processes and the regulation of systems to ensure the efficiency, safety and reliability of modern water treatment systems. With increasing automation and
A socket is an essential connecting element in piping systems that is widely used in industrial water and wastewater technology in particular. Sockets enable the safe and tight connection of pipelines and thus ensure the reliable transportation of water, waste water or process fluids. Their versatility and adaptability make them
Post-treatment is a crucial part of industrial water and wastewater treatment, ensuring that water meets the desired quality parameters before it is discharged into downstream processes, the water cycle or the environment. It serves as a supplementary or final stage that removes any remaining impurities that were not removed by previous treatment processes.
The secondary clarifier is an essential component in wastewater treatment, especially in biological wastewater treatment plants. It is used to separate solids, in particular activated sludge, which is produced during biological treatment. It also plays a key role in returning the biological sludge to the cycle and removing
Secondary clarification is a central process step in wastewater treatment, which plays a key role in biological wastewater treatment plants in particular. It is used to separate biomass, suspended solids and particles that were not removed during biological treatment. In addition to its importance for the efficiency of the wastewater treatment plant, secondary clarification has a decisive
The nutrient load is a key term in water and wastewater treatment and describes the amount of dissolved nutrients, in particular nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), that are transported in a water cycle or wastewater system. This parameter is of particular importance as nutrients are essential for biological processes in wastewater treatment plants,
Nanofiltration is a pressure-driven membrane process that is located between ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis. It is used to remove dissolved substances such as salts, organic molecules and hardness formers from water. With a typical pore size of 0.001 to 0.01 micrometres, nanofiltration offers selective separation and
A nanofiltration system is a state-of-the-art treatment unit that treats water using nanofiltration membranes (NF membranes). It combines effective removal of dissolved organic matter, hardness constituents, pesticides and heavy metals with moderate salt retention. These systems are essential in industrial water treatment, where they act as a bridge between ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis.
