Precipitation, also known as precipitation, is a chemical process in which dissolved substances in a liquid are converted into a solid phase by chemical reaction. These solids, known as precipitates, can then be removed from the water or wastewater by sedimentation, filtration or flotation. Precipitation is one of the
Process water refers to industrially used water that is used in various processes such as production, cooling, cleaning or transportation. In contrast to drinking water or wastewater, process water is specially adapted to the requirements of the respective application. Its quality directly influences the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of industrial processes as well as the service life of
Process water treatment encompasses all processes and technologies used to treat water for industrial applications and adapt it to specific requirements. The quality of process water is essential for the efficiency and longevity of production processes, machines and systems. Especially in industrial water and wastewater treatment and in recirculation systems
The buffer capacity describes the ability of an aqueous system to withstand fluctuations in the pH value due to the addition of acids or bases. It is a key property in industrial water treatment and wastewater treatment, as many chemical and biological processes run optimally in narrow pH ranges. Insufficient buffering capacity can lead to
A pumping station is a central technical device used in industrial water and wastewater treatment to pump water, wastewater or other liquids over differences in height or to transport them along a pipeline system. Pumping stations play an indispensable role in process water treatment, wastewater disposal, cooling water circuits and other water technology applications.
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a thermoplastic produced by the polymerization of vinyl chloride monomers (VCM). Due to its versatile properties, such as chemical resistance, good mechanical stability and cost-effective processing, PVC is a commonly used material in industrial water and wastewater treatment. It is used in a variety of applications
A qualified sample is a systematically and professionally taken water or wastewater sample that is representative of the chemical, physical and biological properties of the analyzed medium. The term is used in water technology, industrial wastewater treatment and process control, as the quality of the analysis and the measures derived from it are directly related to the quality of the water or wastewater.
A pinch valve (also known as a hose pinch valve) is a specialized valve used in many industries, including process water and wastewater treatment. It is characterized by its simple design, high reliability and excellent resistance to abrasive and corrosive media. The operating principle is based on the mechanical squeezing of a
Neutralization using flue gas is an innovative and sustainable process for regulating the pH of wastewater in which the carbon dioxide (CO₂) contained in the flue gas is used to neutralize alkaline wastewater. This process is primarily used in industrial applications where flue gas is a by-product of combustion processes, for example in
A scraper is a mechanical device used in water and wastewater technology to remove settled solids (sludge) or floating materials (suspended solids) from settling or sedimentation tanks. Scrapers play a central role in wastewater treatment plants and water treatment plants as they improve the efficiency of solids removal, increase process stability
